January 12, 2012

A similar lesson emerges from a classic experiment conducted by Franz de Waals and Sarah Brosnan. The primatologists trained brown capuchin monkeys to give them pebbles in exchange for cucumbers. Almost overnight, a capuchin economy developed, with hungry monkeys harvesting small stones. But the marketplace was disrupted when the scientists got mischievous: instead of giving every monkey a cucumber in exchange for pebbles, they started giving some monkeys a tasty grape instead. (Monkeys prefer grapes to cucumbers.) After witnessing this injustice, the monkeys earning cucumbers went on strike. Some started throwing their cucumbers at the scientists; the vast majority just stopped collecting pebbles. The capuchin economy ground to a halt. The monkeys were willing to forfeit cheap food simply to register their anger at the arbitrary pay scale.

Does Inequality Make Us Unhappy?

Даже среди приматов оказывается работает принцип отрицательной мотивации при неравном вознаграждении участников коллектива за равный труд. И ладно, что в случае с обезьянками всё понятно и очевидно: принес камешек — получи огурец, в коллективах работников умственного труда, где результаты работы не так очевидны, намного сложнее объяснять, почему вдруг Петров получил премию, а Иванов — нет.